Local State Obligation and the Vertical Allocation of Human Rights Obligations in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/fjmr.v5i10.206Keywords:
Local State Obligation, Decentralization, Human Rights, Multilevel Governance, Freedom of Religion or BeliefAbstract
Decentralization does not diminish Indonesia's human rights obligations; it reallocates their institutional performance. This doctrinal study examines how duties concerning equality, non-discrimination, minority protection, and freedom of religion or belief are distributed among central ministries, vertical agencies, and regional governments. Combining statutory, conceptual, and case approaches with a multilevel-governance lens, it distinguishes state obligation, governmental competence, and administrative accountability and identifies normative, competence-implementation, and remedial gaps. The study develops Local State Obligation as a legal-institutional governance model of nationally indivisible but vertically allocated duties, built on a national rights floor, obligation-competence mapping, rights-constrained discretion, preventive supervision, an integrated corrective chain, and residual anti-vacuum responsibility. A limited Jewish-community case lens illustrates how rights can fail at administrative intersections.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Toar Kamang Ronald Palilingan, Emma Valentina Teresha Senewe, Caecilia Johanna Julietta Waha, Natalia Lana Lengkong, Merry Elisabeth Kalalo
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